Síntesis y caracterización de hidrogeles de PVA-Bórax con conductividad iónica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66482/8pknjh57Palabras clave:
hidrogeles conductivos, PVA-Bórax, conductividad iónica, electrónica flexible, espectroscopía de impedancia.Resumen
Los dispositivos electrónicos basados en silicio han sido la solución ideal para el desarrollo de circuitos y sensores electrónicos. Sin embargo, estos materiales son rígidos y frágiles, lo que ha impulsado el desarrollo de nuevos materiales con propiedades dúctiles y conductoras. Este trabajo aborda la síntesis de hidrogeles con propiedades conductoras iónicas como una propuesta de materiales conductivos para el área de la electrónica flexible. Los hidrogeles se obtuvieron a base de alcohol polivinílico (PVA) entrecruzados con tetraborato de sodio (Bórax) mediante la técnica de casting. Se evaluaron seis formulaciones con distintas proporciones de PVA (0.6 y 1.4 g) y Bórax (0.2, 0.6 y 1 g). Los hidrogeles se sumergieron en soluciones electrolíticas de cloruro de sodio (NaCl) y cloruro de calcio (CaCl2) para inducir la conductividad iónica. La caracterización de los hidrogeles PVA-Bórax se realizó con pruebas de hinchamiento, espectroscopía infrarroja con transformada de Fourier (FTIR) y microscopía de barrido electrónico (SEM), lo que permitió una mejor comprensión de los mecanismos de absorción que mejoran su capacidad para retener líquido. Finalmente, se evaluó la conductividad iónica de los hidrogeles utilizando la espectroscopía de impedancia electroquímica (EIS), otorgando datos experimentales que fueron explicados utilizando el modelo llamado Randles, mostrando un desempeño prometedor en la conductividad iónica detectada en los hidrogeles.
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